DELTA Module One / Paper One / Task Two / June 2019

Shady Abuyusuf

Sat, 23 Nov 2024

282

Task Two (12 marks)

Provide a definition and an appropriate brief example or illustration for each of the terms below.

Write your answers in your answer booklet.

a.   cataphoric reference

b.   cloze test

c.   hedging

d.   unvoiced consonant

Answers: 

a.   Cataphoric reference: This is a linguistic term referring to a situation where a word or phrase refers to something mentioned later in the text.

For example, "He is the world wrestling heavy weight champion, Seth Rollings." Here, "he" is cataphoric as it refers to "Seth Rollings," which is mentioned later in the sentence.

b.   Cloze test: A cloze test is a type of language assessment where words are omitted from a passage and the reader is required to fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.

For example, "Mary had a little ______, its fleece was white as ______." In this sentence, the blanks would be filled with "lamb" and "snow."

c.    Hedging: Hedging is the use of words or phrases to soften the impact of a statement, making it less direct or assertive.

For example, "I think," "perhaps," "maybe," "it seems like," are all examples of hedging language.

d.   Unvoiced consonant: An unvoiced consonant is a consonant sound produced without vibrating the vocal cords.

Examples include the sounds /p/, /t/, and /k/.